Testing ALD-102 Solution for alopecia areata (AA)

Exclusion

• −Subject has a known or suspected allergy to ALD-102 or any component of the investigational product.
• −Subject has a history of an allergic reaction or significant sensitivity to lidocaine or other local anesthetics.
• −Subject has a positive result for hepatitis B virus (HBV; positive for hepatitis B surface antigens \[HBsAg\] or positive for hepatitis B antibodies to core antigens \[anti-HBc\]; subjects having a negative HBsAg and a positive anti-HBc may enroll if they have a positive hepatitis B surface antibody \[anti-HBs\] demonstrating natural immunity), hepatitis C virus (HCV; positive for HCV antibodies; however, a subject with documented proof of cure from HCV may be enrolledEnrolmentThe number of participants a study plans to include, or has included.Read more →), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• −A subject who meets any of the following criteria at the screeningScreeningThe checks done before joining, to see whether a study fits.Read more → and/or Day 1 visits, as applicable, will be excluded from participation in this study:
• −Very severe AA, defined by SALT score ≥ 95 at screening and/or Day 1, including alopecia universalis and alopecia totalis.
• −Presence of another form of alopecia (eg, androgenetic alopecia \[AGA\], traction and scarring alopecia, telogen effluvium).
• −Note: Subjects with AGA are permitted only if the disorder is clinically distinct, physically separate, and does not affect or interfere with treatment or assessment of the selected treatment and controlControl groupThe group a new treatment is measured against.Read more → area(s) of AA. The diagnosis of AA should be clear and unambiguous, and the pattern and location of AGA should not overlap with or compromise the evaluation of the selected treatment and control areas of AA.
• −Presence of diffuse type of AA. Note: Subjects with presence of ophiasis or siapho patterns of AA are allowed.
• −History or presence of hair transplants.
• −History or presence of micropigmentation of the scalp. Note: microblading of the eyebrows is permitted.
• −Subject is known to have immune deficiency or is immunocompromised.
• −Subject has a history of cancer or lymphoproliferative disease within 5 years prior to Day 1. Subjects with successfully treated nonmetastatic cutaneous squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma and/or localized carcinoma in situ of the cervix are not to be excluded.
• −Subject has any clinically significant medical condition or physical/laboratory/ECG/vital signs abnormality that would, in the opinion of the investigatorPrincipal investigatorThe doctor or researcher responsible for running the study at a site.Read more →, put the subject at undue risk or interfere with the interpretation of trial results.
• −Subject has a current or recent clinically serious viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection, including but not limited to the following:
• −History of systemic infection requiring hospitalization, parenteral antimicrobial therapy, or as otherwise judged clinically significant by the investigator within 6 months prior to Day 1;
• −Have active chronic or acute skin infection requiring treatment with systemic antibiotics, antivirals, antiparasitics, antiprotozoals, or antifungals within 2 weeks prior to Day 1, or superficial skin infections within 1 week prior to Day 1;
• −History (single episode) of disseminated herpes zoster or disseminated herpes simplex, or a recurrent (more than one episode of) localized, dermatomal herpes zoster;
• −Known active tuberculosis (TB) or a positive TB infection test at screening. Subject will be evaluated for latent TB infection with a purified protein derivative (PPD) test or a QuantiFERONTB Gold test. Subjects who demonstrate evidence of latent TB infection (either PPD ≥ 5 mm of induration or positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold test, irrespective of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination status) will only be allowed to participate in the study if there is documented evidence of a completed adequate treatment course for latent TB (with negative chest x-ray findings for active TB).
• −Note: A recent viral upper respiratory tract infection or uncomplicated urinary tract infection should not be considered clinically serious.
• −At screening, any of the following (tests may be repeated once within the same screening period to confirm results prior to Day 1):
• −Absolute neutrophil count \< 1.5 x 109/L;
• −Absolute lymphocyte count \< 0.5 x 109/L;
• −Hemoglobin \< 11.0 g/dL or hematocrit \< 30%;
• −Platelet count \< 100 x 109/L;
• −Clinically significant abnormal estimated creatinine clearance as per investigator judgement (eg, \< 90 mL/min based on the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration \[CKD-EPI\] formula) or serum creatinine value \> 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN);
• −Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \> 2 x the ULN;
• −Total bilirubin ≥ 1.5 x ULN; subjects with a history of Gilbert's syndrome may have a direct bilirubin measured and would be eligible for this study provided the direct bilirubin is ≤ ULN.
• −Subject has a history of clinically significant heart disease in the opinion of the investigator (eg, cardiomyopathy, major congenital heart disease, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, heart attack, stroke, or blood clots).
• −Subject is currently receiving anti-coagulants or medications known to cause thrombocytopenia (unless considered safe by the investigator to stop and washoutWashout periodA gap with no treatment, so the previous one clears your system.Read more → for the duration of the study).
• −Active forms of other inflammatory skin disease(s) or evidence of other skin conditions on the scalp (eg, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, lupus) at screening and/or Day 1, that in the opinion of the investigator might interfere with evaluation of hair regrowth.
• −Subject has presence of any tattoos, scratches, open sores, or skin damages in the target treatment or control areas that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with study evaluations.
• −Subject is currently treated or was treated within 4 weeks prior to Day 1 with any systemic treatment or oral medication for inflammatory condition that in the opinion of the investigator might interfere with the safety or efficacy assessments; short half-life medications like ibuprofen, paracetamol, and antihistamines are acceptable.
• −Subject is currently receiving a nonbiological investigational product or device or has received one within 4 weeks prior to Day 1.
• −Subject has received a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to Day 1 or plans to receive a live or live-attenuated vaccine during the study and up to 4 weeks or 5 half-lives (of the study product), whichever is longer, after the last study product administration.
• −Use of systemic and/or intralesional steroids within 8 weeks of Day 1 visit. Note: Intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids are allowed. Eye and ear drops containing corticosteroids are also allowed.
• −Use of systemic treatments including, but not limited to, anthralin, squaric acid, diphenylcycloprophenone (DPCP), dinitrochlorobenzene (DCNB), tacrolimus, minoxidil, or any other medication which in the opinion of the investigator may affect hair regrowth within 4 weeks of Day 1 visit.
• −Subject has received any ultraviolet (UV)-B phototherapy (including tanning beds), has had psoralen-UV-A (PUVA) treatment, or excimer laser within 4 weeks prior to Day 1.
• −Topical medicated treatment on the scalp that could affect AA including, but not limited to, topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, minoxidil, JAK inhibitors, medical devices within 2 weeks prior to Day 1 visit.
• −Note: Topical medicated treatments are permitted outside of the scalp.
• −Subject has previously used a systemic JAK inhibitor for their AA (eg. baricitinib, ritlecitinib, deuruxolitinib) and discontinued for lack of efficacy (information obtained from medical chart or subject's physician, or directly from the subject).
• −Note: Subjects that used a systemic JAK inhibitor for AA and discontinued for another reason than lack of efficacy, or used a systemic JAK inhibitor for another reason than AA, are allowed but must have discontinued the systemic JAK inhibitor at least 6 months prior to Day 1.
• −Use of platelet-rich plasma injections in the last 12 weeks prior to Day 1.
• −Subject has received any marketed or investigational biological agent within 12 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to Day 1.
• −Subject who has had previous treatment with any biologic B-cell-depleting therapy (eg, rituximab, ocrelizumab, or ofatumumab) or other B-cell targeting therapy (eg, belimumab) within 12 months before Day 1.
• −Subject who has received previous treatment with pDC inhibiting therapies (eg, anti immunoglobulin-like transcript \[ILT\]7, anti-blood dendritic cell antigen 2 \[BDCA2\]).
• −Subject has received any prescription products containing exogenous androgens, including but not limited to testosterone, or anabolic-androgenic steroids, within the past 6 months before Day 1.
• −Note: There is no washout period for over-the-counter (OTC), supplements, and/or herbal product that can contain exogenous androgens or can affect hair regrowth. However, if the subject is using any of these products for the purpose of AA, they must stop using the products at the time of informed consentInformed consentThe process of being told what taking part involves, then choosing freely.Read more → and for the duration of the trial.
• −Subject has a known history of clinically significant drug or alcohol abuse in the last year prior to Day 1.
• −Subject has a history of hypertrophic scarring or keloid formation in scars or suture sites.
• −Subject has taken anticoagulant medication, such as heparin, low molecular weight (LMW)-heparin, warfarin, antiplatelets (except low-dose aspirin ≤ 81 mg which will be allowed), within 2 weeks prior to Day 1, or has a contraindication to skin biopsies. Short half-life nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) will not be considered antiplatelets and will be allowed.
• −Subject is not able to tolerate intradermal injection or has a known sensitivity to needle injection.
• −Subject is institutionalized because of legal or regulatory order.
• −Subject is a female who is breastfeeding, pregnant, or who is planning to become pregnant during the study.
• −Subject had a major surgery within 8 weeks prior to Day 1 or has a major surgery planned during the study.